I've been soaking up the atmosphere here in Damascus for nearly two weeks now and am seriously in danger of never leaving what has become my new favourite city in the world to visit.
One of the thousands of things I love about Damascus is that almost everything is within walking distance of the backpacker hotels. This means that you become more familiar with the local sites, stores and people and can (kind of) start to feel like a local. I love that as I walk to the old city I pass my favourite falafel place, the place that sells the best lemon and mint juice mmmmmmm...the stall that sells the best quality bananas, the glass storefronts filled with towering, glistening pyramids of baklava and so forth. If you are detecting a common theme of food and beverages here that is because Damascus has an amazing array of deliciousness on offer at every turn. It has been a real challenge not to turn into a complete blimp during my stay here! I think I will have to do a separate blog entry later just on foods to do it all justice.
In the heart of the old city lies the stunning Umayyad Mosque. I knew the mosque was big and the LP said that it contained some nice mosaics so not long after I arrived in Damascus I paid my 50sp entry fee and donned what I liked to think of as a wizard robe - but in actuality was an ugly grey cotton dressing gown like garment with a large hood.
I had just tied my shoes to my backpack and entered the courtyard when I looked up and was completely gobsmacked. I was facing a wall about 4 stoires high, the top half of which was covered in stunning gold mosaics glittering in the midday sun. It was so beautiful I felt like crying. This is why you are here, I thought - this is something you have to experience in person because no photos will ever do it justice. No photos can capture the calm and peace of the enormous white stone courtyard and the surprise you feel when you walk under the cool archways lining the arcades that frame the courtyard, look up and see that even the undersides of the arches have been decorated in glorious patterns of golden mosaics. I felt all that - then took about a million photos anyway just to remind myself of the place.
Mosques really are the centres of communities and nowhere is this more apparent than in the courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque. Couples, familes and travellers recline under the cool arches and indulge in some welcome respite from the busy hub bub of the old city streets and souqs around it. You see some people talking, some people napping, some people praying and children chasing each other as they run in and out of the archways.
The mosque was built around 700 AD and its awe-inspring gold mosaics include a 37m long wall along the western arcade that depicts what Damascenes believe is the paradise that the Prophet Mohammed saw in Damascus. I wandered around enjoying the tranquility of the lovely, richly carpeted and enormous southern prayer hall and marvelled at the fact that the locals just got on with their prayers despite the many tourists taking photos and craning their necks to see the tiled magnificance of the underside of the domes. You do really notice that here - that islam is a religion but is much more a culture and just part of daily life. Locals go to the mosque to pray and to socialise. You will often see a store closed for just a few minutes as the shopkeeper either unrolls his prayer mat, turns to face Mecca and prays right there in his shop or quickly ducks out to the local mosque or prayer room to do the same.
I also visited the Iranian -built Shiite Sayyida Ruqayya Mosque in the old town. This mosque is dedicated to the daughter of the martyr Hussein (who was the son of Ali) and is a fascinating example of both religious devotion and gaudy interior design. The internal walls, ceiling and dome of the main prayer hall are covered in so many mirrored mosaic tiles that it actually hurts your eyes when they turn the chandeliers on. After recovering from the over powering glare I made my way to the women's section and sat on the thick carpet to observe for a while.
The women were kneeling and facing an ornate silver cage like structure which I think holds the remains of the daughter of Hussein. This is a site of sacred pilgrimage for Iranians and it was evident from the widespread weeping and wailing that most who visited it were truly overcome by the experience. It was really quite moving to witness such unguarded religious fervor...I think the daughter of Hussein may have been an infant when she died as many of the women, after kissing the silver structure and wiping their tears onto it, threw small dolls on to the top of her shrine.
I have always found when travelling alone that most of the time I adore the complete self-indulgence of the experience. Plans can change on any whim and no one complains when you stay in reading for a day because the book is just that good. But there are times when you feel a bit starved for conversation. Not lonely, just aware that somehow you have gone 3 days with the only phrases spoken being arabic for "hello", "Australian", "how much?" and "thank you". I was feeling just this way about a week ago when who should stroll across the courtyard as I ate my breakfast but Gillian - the Australian nurse I had met in Amman. So since then Gillian and I have been getting together for outings every second day or so and often chatting over our shared love of chocolate, nuts and all things kindle (and our despair that you cannot download any new books in Syria - damn American sanctions!).
It was with Gillian that I explored the National Museum. The great highlights of which for me were the lovely garden filled with statues they couldn't fit in the museum and seeing the tiny clay tablet showing the alphabet of Ugarit. The tablet contains 30 cuniform signs or letters of the Ugaritic alphabet, is from the late bronze age (1400BC) and is the first complete alphabet known of in the world. Thinking about how the development of a written alphabet changed the world really is mind blowing.
My first day trip out of Damascus was on Sunday when Gillian and I headed off to check out the Roman ruins at Bosra (see Elia I told you I would go there!). You could develop a serious case of roman ruin fatigue in this part of the world but thankfully that has not happened to me yet. Bosra contains a lovely theatre dating back to the 2nd century AD as well as some other ruins and colonnaded streets. The thing that makes Bosra different from the many other ruins in this part of the world is that the theatre, and indeed the entire town, was not built of limestone or sandstone but rather the easily available local building material : basalt. The black basalt lends the theatre and all the ruins a brooding atmosphere that is quite striking.
We enjoyed exploring all the dark, back corridors of the theatre but my favourite sights of the day were those instances where local practicalities met with ancient monuments. I love the fact that as the handful of tourists present were wandering and taking photos of the basalt columns, the colonnaded street was suddenly filled with sheep as a local sheperd moved his flock to find more tufts of grass poking up through the paving stones that are more than 1500 years old. A few times I lined up the "perfect" shot of the colonnaded street with the theatre in the background only to have a curious chicken wander into the foreground of the shot.
We also met another aussie, Craig, at the corner store in Bosra and ended up meeting up with him for some entertaining conversation and excellent food back in Damascus that evening. Walking through the main souq in the old town on our way back to the backpacker disrict, Craig was being followed by some fairly persistant toy salesmen. Gillian and I enjoyed the cultural norm that meant we were ignored and all sales enquiries were directed to our male friend. At least we were enjoying it until Craig deflected the salesman's attention back onto us by insisting that he could not make a purchase without first clearing it with his "wives"!
On Thursday Gillian and I again headed out of Damascus, this time with a driver and car, to visit the town of Qunietra. Qunietra was part of the Golan Heights before the six day war in 1967. It was occupied by the Israeli forces until 1973 when a UN brokered ceasefire saw the Israelies withdraw and the town was again back under Syrian control.
I really enjoyed the hour long drive to Qunietra, partly because I got to see the farmlands in the most fertile part of Syria, but mostly because Gillian and I got to pick the brain of our driver Ramis about his views of the current political situation in Syria. It is very difficult to find out what locals really think about the government as they can be jailed for expressing any anti-government sentiment. But the seclusion of the car allowed Ramis to explain some of the different social and political forces at play in the current situation. Ramis did hasten to add that once we arrived Qunietra, and would be joined by a member of the local security forces (they have to accompany you so you don't wander into a section still riddled with landmines), we would have to stop asking our questions otherwise he would get into lots of trouble.
The Syrian government has elected to leave the town of Qunietra untouched since the Israeli forces withdrew and it now serves as an excellent PR exercise to heighten anti - Israeli feelings amongst locals and visitors alike. As we drove through the town we saw that every single house had been destroyed. The roof sat on the remains of each house - indicating that they had not been hit by bombs during the fighting (as the Israeli forces claim) but rather systematically destroyed with dynamite. According to the terms of the ceasefire the Israeli forces were supposed to withdraw peacefully from Qunietra and instead, they destroyed every home in the town and used the church, the mosque and the hospital for target practice. The sight of the 3 story hospital riddled with bullet holes was particularly arresting.
Our local security forces guy also took us to the UN patrolled observer zone that now exists as a 100m buffer zone between the border of Israel and Syria. It should be noted that at the time when the Israeli forces were supposed to peacefully withdraw from Qunietra, they got some of their captured soldiers back from Syria. These soldiers reported having suffered terrible torture at the hands of the Syrians and these reports no doubt influenced the Israeli forces actions at Qunietra. For his part, Ramis thinks the Syrian government could leave a couple of the building as monuments, whilst still rebuilding the majority of the town. This way the excellent farming soil would not be going to waste. I am inclined to agree with him. But in a region where who did what to whom first is almost impossible to prove - the Syrian government is naturally reluctant to part with such overwhelming evidence of Israeli brutality.
One of the thousands of things I love about Damascus is that almost everything is within walking distance of the backpacker hotels. This means that you become more familiar with the local sites, stores and people and can (kind of) start to feel like a local. I love that as I walk to the old city I pass my favourite falafel place, the place that sells the best lemon and mint juice mmmmmmm...the stall that sells the best quality bananas, the glass storefronts filled with towering, glistening pyramids of baklava and so forth. If you are detecting a common theme of food and beverages here that is because Damascus has an amazing array of deliciousness on offer at every turn. It has been a real challenge not to turn into a complete blimp during my stay here! I think I will have to do a separate blog entry later just on foods to do it all justice.
In the heart of the old city lies the stunning Umayyad Mosque. I knew the mosque was big and the LP said that it contained some nice mosaics so not long after I arrived in Damascus I paid my 50sp entry fee and donned what I liked to think of as a wizard robe - but in actuality was an ugly grey cotton dressing gown like garment with a large hood.
I had just tied my shoes to my backpack and entered the courtyard when I looked up and was completely gobsmacked. I was facing a wall about 4 stoires high, the top half of which was covered in stunning gold mosaics glittering in the midday sun. It was so beautiful I felt like crying. This is why you are here, I thought - this is something you have to experience in person because no photos will ever do it justice. No photos can capture the calm and peace of the enormous white stone courtyard and the surprise you feel when you walk under the cool archways lining the arcades that frame the courtyard, look up and see that even the undersides of the arches have been decorated in glorious patterns of golden mosaics. I felt all that - then took about a million photos anyway just to remind myself of the place.
Mosques really are the centres of communities and nowhere is this more apparent than in the courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque. Couples, familes and travellers recline under the cool arches and indulge in some welcome respite from the busy hub bub of the old city streets and souqs around it. You see some people talking, some people napping, some people praying and children chasing each other as they run in and out of the archways.
The mosque was built around 700 AD and its awe-inspring gold mosaics include a 37m long wall along the western arcade that depicts what Damascenes believe is the paradise that the Prophet Mohammed saw in Damascus. I wandered around enjoying the tranquility of the lovely, richly carpeted and enormous southern prayer hall and marvelled at the fact that the locals just got on with their prayers despite the many tourists taking photos and craning their necks to see the tiled magnificance of the underside of the domes. You do really notice that here - that islam is a religion but is much more a culture and just part of daily life. Locals go to the mosque to pray and to socialise. You will often see a store closed for just a few minutes as the shopkeeper either unrolls his prayer mat, turns to face Mecca and prays right there in his shop or quickly ducks out to the local mosque or prayer room to do the same.
I also visited the Iranian -built Shiite Sayyida Ruqayya Mosque in the old town. This mosque is dedicated to the daughter of the martyr Hussein (who was the son of Ali) and is a fascinating example of both religious devotion and gaudy interior design. The internal walls, ceiling and dome of the main prayer hall are covered in so many mirrored mosaic tiles that it actually hurts your eyes when they turn the chandeliers on. After recovering from the over powering glare I made my way to the women's section and sat on the thick carpet to observe for a while.
The women were kneeling and facing an ornate silver cage like structure which I think holds the remains of the daughter of Hussein. This is a site of sacred pilgrimage for Iranians and it was evident from the widespread weeping and wailing that most who visited it were truly overcome by the experience. It was really quite moving to witness such unguarded religious fervor...I think the daughter of Hussein may have been an infant when she died as many of the women, after kissing the silver structure and wiping their tears onto it, threw small dolls on to the top of her shrine.
I have always found when travelling alone that most of the time I adore the complete self-indulgence of the experience. Plans can change on any whim and no one complains when you stay in reading for a day because the book is just that good. But there are times when you feel a bit starved for conversation. Not lonely, just aware that somehow you have gone 3 days with the only phrases spoken being arabic for "hello", "Australian", "how much?" and "thank you". I was feeling just this way about a week ago when who should stroll across the courtyard as I ate my breakfast but Gillian - the Australian nurse I had met in Amman. So since then Gillian and I have been getting together for outings every second day or so and often chatting over our shared love of chocolate, nuts and all things kindle (and our despair that you cannot download any new books in Syria - damn American sanctions!).
It was with Gillian that I explored the National Museum. The great highlights of which for me were the lovely garden filled with statues they couldn't fit in the museum and seeing the tiny clay tablet showing the alphabet of Ugarit. The tablet contains 30 cuniform signs or letters of the Ugaritic alphabet, is from the late bronze age (1400BC) and is the first complete alphabet known of in the world. Thinking about how the development of a written alphabet changed the world really is mind blowing.
My first day trip out of Damascus was on Sunday when Gillian and I headed off to check out the Roman ruins at Bosra (see Elia I told you I would go there!). You could develop a serious case of roman ruin fatigue in this part of the world but thankfully that has not happened to me yet. Bosra contains a lovely theatre dating back to the 2nd century AD as well as some other ruins and colonnaded streets. The thing that makes Bosra different from the many other ruins in this part of the world is that the theatre, and indeed the entire town, was not built of limestone or sandstone but rather the easily available local building material : basalt. The black basalt lends the theatre and all the ruins a brooding atmosphere that is quite striking.
We enjoyed exploring all the dark, back corridors of the theatre but my favourite sights of the day were those instances where local practicalities met with ancient monuments. I love the fact that as the handful of tourists present were wandering and taking photos of the basalt columns, the colonnaded street was suddenly filled with sheep as a local sheperd moved his flock to find more tufts of grass poking up through the paving stones that are more than 1500 years old. A few times I lined up the "perfect" shot of the colonnaded street with the theatre in the background only to have a curious chicken wander into the foreground of the shot.
We also met another aussie, Craig, at the corner store in Bosra and ended up meeting up with him for some entertaining conversation and excellent food back in Damascus that evening. Walking through the main souq in the old town on our way back to the backpacker disrict, Craig was being followed by some fairly persistant toy salesmen. Gillian and I enjoyed the cultural norm that meant we were ignored and all sales enquiries were directed to our male friend. At least we were enjoying it until Craig deflected the salesman's attention back onto us by insisting that he could not make a purchase without first clearing it with his "wives"!
On Thursday Gillian and I again headed out of Damascus, this time with a driver and car, to visit the town of Qunietra. Qunietra was part of the Golan Heights before the six day war in 1967. It was occupied by the Israeli forces until 1973 when a UN brokered ceasefire saw the Israelies withdraw and the town was again back under Syrian control.
I really enjoyed the hour long drive to Qunietra, partly because I got to see the farmlands in the most fertile part of Syria, but mostly because Gillian and I got to pick the brain of our driver Ramis about his views of the current political situation in Syria. It is very difficult to find out what locals really think about the government as they can be jailed for expressing any anti-government sentiment. But the seclusion of the car allowed Ramis to explain some of the different social and political forces at play in the current situation. Ramis did hasten to add that once we arrived Qunietra, and would be joined by a member of the local security forces (they have to accompany you so you don't wander into a section still riddled with landmines), we would have to stop asking our questions otherwise he would get into lots of trouble.
The Syrian government has elected to leave the town of Qunietra untouched since the Israeli forces withdrew and it now serves as an excellent PR exercise to heighten anti - Israeli feelings amongst locals and visitors alike. As we drove through the town we saw that every single house had been destroyed. The roof sat on the remains of each house - indicating that they had not been hit by bombs during the fighting (as the Israeli forces claim) but rather systematically destroyed with dynamite. According to the terms of the ceasefire the Israeli forces were supposed to withdraw peacefully from Qunietra and instead, they destroyed every home in the town and used the church, the mosque and the hospital for target practice. The sight of the 3 story hospital riddled with bullet holes was particularly arresting.
Our local security forces guy also took us to the UN patrolled observer zone that now exists as a 100m buffer zone between the border of Israel and Syria. It should be noted that at the time when the Israeli forces were supposed to peacefully withdraw from Qunietra, they got some of their captured soldiers back from Syria. These soldiers reported having suffered terrible torture at the hands of the Syrians and these reports no doubt influenced the Israeli forces actions at Qunietra. For his part, Ramis thinks the Syrian government could leave a couple of the building as monuments, whilst still rebuilding the majority of the town. This way the excellent farming soil would not be going to waste. I am inclined to agree with him. But in a region where who did what to whom first is almost impossible to prove - the Syrian government is naturally reluctant to part with such overwhelming evidence of Israeli brutality.
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