Roman ruins & the road to Damascus

On my last day in Jordan I headed north to visit the Roman ruins at Jerash. I couldn't have picked a more perfect spring day for wandering around an ancient city, as the clear blue sky afforded plenty of sunshine and the weather was a lovely 20 degrees.

I knew before going there that Jerash was reputed to be one of the best sights for Roman ruins in the Middle East. The Roman city of Gerasa was established about 60BC and reached its peak around the 3rd century AD when its population was estimated to be more than 15,000. What I didn't expect to find, however, was that it would be a complete city nestled on a hill carpeted by grass and yellow wild flowers.

In other places, like Amman, you may see the remains of a temple, or a theatre. But Jerash has the entire city complete with south and north gates, triumphal arches, a hippodrome (where chariot races were held), a huge 90m long oval plaza/forum lined with columns, two temples, many churches, two bathhouses, two theatres - and it is estimated that 90% of the city still remains to be excavated!

Jerash is not Pompeii, but as I wandered along the cardo maximus (800m long colonnaded street) - and saw the grooves in the limestone pavers made by chariot wheels more than 1700 years earlier - I was transported to scenes of Caeciliuis translated from my Latin textbook in high school. I could see Caecilius meeting a banking associate in the forum, Metella (his wife) walking to the Temple of Zeus and Quintus (his son) relaxing at the baths. All in all, a lovely day and a great finish to my time in Jordan.

Early Monday morning I boarded a bus headed for Syria. Alas, I did not experience any "road to Damascus" revelations when I was on the actual road to Damascus - unless you count my unfortunate realisation that the bus did not have a toilet on board (as promised). This situation that was made all the more dire by the fact that I drank more than half a litre of water in the first hour of the trip.

The traffic in Damascus is horrific. Several times on our way into the city, on what I can only assume was a major arterial road, we encountered roadworks and were diverted off the main road. It appeared that our coach, along with several lorries and petrol tankers as well as many cars had been diverted down someone's driveway. Given that during these diversions we had to inch past fences and stone walls, whilst simultaneously destroying the over-hanging branches of several trees in the home owner's gardens, I'm not surprised it took us an hour to reach the bus station from the outskirts of the city. Central Damascus is quite modern and overrun with swarms of honking yellow taxis. I am not exaggerating when I say that at least 80% of the vehicles on the road are taxis.

The backpacker's part of Damascus where I am staying is made up of tiny winding streets and alleys that are really only accessible by foot. This gives it a lovely village atmosphere that is extremely convenient as many cheap restaurants, falafel stalls, bakeries, chemists and internet cafes are within a 100m radius of my hotel. The winding alleys and old town feel of the place reminds me a lot of Varanasi in India. I can see that I am going to be very happy parking myself here for two weeks.

Before travelling to Syria I had heard of political unrest and violent protests in Deraa and Lattakia. BBC world was estimating that at least 60 protestors in these locations had been killed by government forces. I wasn't too worried though and just decided that I'd be careful, monitor the situation and ask for local advice before heading anywhere out of Damascus.

Yesterday breakfast in the sunny courtyard of my hotel was interrupted by the sound of helicopters overhead and the excited hotel worker moving the tv into the courtyard so we could all see the huge protests. As the channel was arabic it took a while to figure out that these were pro-goverment demonstrations and that a huge one was happening today in many cities including Damascus. After getting vague directions as to where the demonstration was likely to be moving to, I grabbed my camera and backpack and headed out to see what it was like for myself.

Emerging from the alleys near my hotel onto a nearby main road I was met with a sea of people waving Syrian flags and posters of President Bashar. There was a real carnival atmosphere in the air and after watching from the alley for a few minutes I decided to head to a nearby overpass for a better view. Many roads were closed to traffic as thousands and thousands of Syrians old and young, male and female marched and chanted in arabic "God, Syria, Bashar - that's all!". There was no anti-government sentiment whatsoever and as most of the city had turned out to passionately express their support for the President - it seemed like an impressive show of national unity.

The people demonstrating seemed to be there of their own free will - but as (I later discovered) schools, goverment departments and many other workplaces were closed for the day "to allow people to demonstrate" it seems like it was at least in part orchestrated by the government. Very difficult to get unbiased reporting within Syria - but by speaking to locals and monitoring the international news websites I think I will be able to keep abreast of developments.

Today I moved hotels to a cheaper and better option that, despite the political unrest, was booked out until today. The Al-Rabie Hotel where I am now is so lovely I'm not sure I'm going to be able to leave. The hotel is a converted 600 year old house complete with stone walls and stain glass windows. The rooms face onto a gorgeous tiled courtyard featuring comfortable chairs clustered around small wooden tables, trailing vines, an orange tree and a fountain. It has amazingly retained its character despite the convenient additions of many mod cons  - including a retractable glass roof that makes you feel a bit like you're eating on centre court at the Australian Open :-)  No wonder LP refers to it as the best backpacker hotel in all of the Middle East!

On a final note for this post - the restrictions on internet usage in Syria mean that I cannot view the actual blog myself from here. It appears to be letting me edit and publish posts, but if someone could drop me quick line to confirm that this post actually appears on the blog that would be great.

Sand dunes and swimming lessons

I've had a VERY lazy week here in Aqaba, but in my defence it is the perfect place in Jordan for a bit of rest and relaxation. It's balmy weather and location on the coast of the Red Sea ensure that locals and tourists alike spend many an hour swimmimg, snorkeling and strolling along its palm tree lined main street by the sea.

The beaches are no where near Australian standards, but in Aqaba when you are swimmimg you are within 20km of the coasts of four different countries: Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Israel and Egypt - so it definitely has its own charm. The dirt beaches are filled with families sitting on persian rugs and the footpath by the coast is lined by about a million stalls selling the same yellow blow up rings with a ducks head called the "floating quacker". I'm not sure how the makers of the "floating quacker" cornered the market but I'm seriously considering giving up teaching and starting an import business specialising in bringing the wonder of the pool pony to Jordan!

The balmy weather means that Aqaba has more of an outdoor vibe and in some ways it reminds me a lot of Darwin. More people relaxing outside has meant more interest from the locals for me than I had in Amman. Men everywhere saying "Hello, where are you from?" and after I reply with "Australia" I get a smile and then "Welcome! Welcome!". The younger men then follow up by asking me what my name is - and this is usually where the exchange comes undone. It turns out my name is not very common in Jordan and the locals find it near impossible to pronounce. I had to give my name to the guy at the bus ticket office the other night and after hearing it he asked me to spell it for him. I did spell it very slowly for him but my ticket for Amman now reads:  bernidewte - so in future I think it will be safer for me to just hand over my passport. The other wonderful by-product of no one being able to pronounce my name is that they choose to identify me by my nationality instead. As I've now been here a week, some of the locals recognise me and, trying to be friendly, frequently yell "Australian Girl! Welcome! Welcome!" everytime I walk by.

After hearing its praises sung by almost every traveller I've met, not to mention every local I've spoken to on a bus as well as the family I hitched a ride back from the beach with, I finally decided I had to blow the budget and go to see Wadi Rum. The cheapest way for me to see it was to do a 1 day jeep tour with an overnight stay in a bedouin campsite - and given that the weather turned freezing and rainy today I'm very glad that I saw the spectacular scenery of the desert yesterday.

Wadi Rum really does have to be seen to be believed. The family I hitched with in Aqaba described it well when they said it is "beautiful - but scary, because it is so quiet". I didn't find it scary, but there were certainly times when I felt the heavy silence of its lunar-like landscape unsettling.

As you drive along the soft red sand, huge sandstone and granite landforms seem to grow before you. We came across camels, other jeeps and local bedouin herding sheep but for much of the day there was not another soul as far as the eye could see. I clambered over boulders in small siqs and slid down huge red sand dunes but by far my favourite sight were the desert flowers that I was lucky enough to see. They are only around for about 2 weeks of the year and there is something breath taking about walking past boulders in an orange, bare, arid landscape and suddenly coming across a carpet of tiny puple flowers. Just magic!

There was no one else wanting to book a one day jeep tour with Jordan Tracks yesterday so I had to pay a bit more and have a jeep and guide all to myself. The downside of this was that I didn't get to chat to other travellers, but this was quickly remedied with the communal dinner at the campsite last night. The upside was that I got the front seat of the Jeep and managed to strike up an interesting deal with my 21 year old Bedouin guide Attala.

As Attala and I chatted he asked me where else in Jordan I had been to and as I began to list the many sights I'd seen in his lovely country he interjected by asking, "Did you swim in the Dead Sea?". When I replied that I had,  he said that he didn't know how to swim but would like to learn. I explained that in Australia because most people live near the coast most people know how to swim and children even do 2 weeks of swimming lessons each year at school. By this stage Attala knew what my profession was and he then exclaimed with much excitement "you can teach me how to swim!". I pointed out that the lack of water would make it quite tricky - but he insisted that I could still give him some tips to try out next time he was in Aqaba. I wasn't really taking him seriously until he said, "You teach me how to swim and I'll teach you how to drive the jeep".

I told him that I already knew how to drive - but that I would love a go at the wheel here in the desert. Attala said that normally he wasn't allowed to let tourists drive, but that because I was on my own he would give me a go because "It doesn't matter if you break just my legs!".

So high on a red sand dune I did my best to teach Attala how to master a "star float", straight leg kicking and the "bubbles and breathing" teachnique. Who could of guessed that those weeks I spent in Canterbury pool with the goldfish group would come in so handy in Jordan?

When we returned to the jeep, Attala said it was my turn to drive. As I jumped excitedly down from my seat and made my way around to the driver's side - Attala looked puzzled. He then said "No, no, next to me" and indicated that he wanted me to slide in close next to him. It was clear that Attala had planned to control the pedals and just wanted me in close so that I could do the steering and he would have his hands free to "help me". I laughed at his plan and insisted that I wanted to do the driving all by myself. He hopped out but pointed to the pedals and said "it is too difficult, see?". He seemed truly shocked that I knew what each of the pedals was for (he didn't know the word accelerator - but seemed relieved when I assured him that I knew it made the jeep go fast).

So Attala reluctantly gave up the driver's seat and I set off. It was soon apparent that the bedouin did not invest a great deal of time in vehicle maintenance as the direction and amount you turned the steering wheel bore little resemblance to where the jeep actually went. Having said that, it was heaps of fun driving along the desert tracks and down small sandhills. When I grew tired and said to Attala that it was his turn again - I discovered that the breaks that he had given the helpful advice on "you have to hit 2 times" actually didn't really work at all. Thankfully by the time I'd pumped the break about 12 times we had just rolled to a gentle stop in the sand!

The campsite I stayed in had running water and decent toilets but no electricity, so I was very glad I had a head torch with me. It came in handy as I stumbled through the sand after dinner, cloaked in inky darkess and trying to remember which of the 8 or so identical tents was mine. The candle-lit communal dinner last night was wonderful with good company, delicious bedouin cuisine and great entertainment from the local singers and lute player. The bedouin goat hair tent I spent the night in was more like a small raised hut. I was very glad I had the tent, which had mattresses for 3, all to myself because I needed all 6 of the blankets provided during the freezing night. Throwing open the wooden window hatch this morning though and seeing the pink sand dunes and imposing sandstone cliffs through the still morning light certainly made the arctic night worth it.

All in all, Wadi Rum surpassed its glowing reviews and I was very glad I blew the budget to experience it. Tomorrow I head back to Amman with plans for a quick day trip to Jerash before I say goodbye to Jordan and head to Syria. Can't wait!

When in doubt, follow the donkey droppings.

I had been looking forward to seeing Petra enormously when I was back home in Australia. Indeed it had been one of the main attractions that lead me to the Middle East. But since arriving in Jordan I had started to think of it as something I had to do, an experience that I had to tick off the list rather than a highlight I was eagerly anticipating.

I don't know why my thinking swung that way....Perhaps it was the way that everyone I met in Jordan asked "Have you been to Petra yet?". Perhaps it was my natural resistance to things you "must" see. Perhaps it was the feeling that the experience was bound to disappoint. Perhaps it was my tight-arse travelling ways and the fact that the three day pass cost 22 JD in 2010 and now cost 60 JD. In any case, I had to really force myself to leave Amman, where I had set up a comfortable base, and board a mini bus for the 3 hour trip to Wadi Musa.

Everything in Wadi Musa costs more than in Amman. It is a small town set up purely to service the thousands of tourists that flock to see Petra each week, and the locals are well aware that tourists can afford to pay a bit more than locals. Given that my finances were already going to be stretched by the 3 day pass to Petra, I decided I had to really make the most of my 3 days then quickly move on.

In an effort to beat the hoards on tour buses, which I'd heard arrived at Petra from 8 am onwards, I started my first day at Petra at 6:30am. It was common knowledge amongst backpackers that you should start early, so I really expected to see quite a few people around even at that early hour. I was amazed at how few of us there were. In the 1km stretch you walk before you reach the Siq I could see only two couples up ahead. By taking my time absorbing the amazing stillness of the gorgeous sandstone hills around me, I was able to amble slowly enough that by the time I reached the Siq I was on my own.

Walking through the Siq, on my own, in the still dawn light was as close as I am ever likely to come to a religious experience. It was simply breathtaking.

The Siq is a deep, narrow gorge of stunning natural beauty that stretches 1.2km. It is hemmed in by sandstone cliffs of pink, cream and brown soaring up to 80m. The Siq is on average only a few metres wide and each turn affords a new awe inspiring view. I walked through the Siq with only the twittering of birds and the sound of the gravel crunching under my feet to accompany me. I craned my neck to glimpse swirls of pink and orange on the cliff tops above, highlighted by the early morning sun. I kept oscillating between wanting to slow down and drink the experience in for as long as I could and wanting to speed up so that I didn't get overtaken by people arriving behind me.

Finally, as I was starting to wonder if this Siq would ever end, I turned a corner and caught a glimpse of the glorious Treasury building through the rocks ahead. When you see the Treasury building you truly begin to understand that the Nabataeans, who built Petra as their capital more than 2000 years ago, really were one of the most gifted people in history.

After that amazing start to my time in Petra I was filled with the old excitement and keen to explore further. Petra is really quite large and it is impossible, even in 3 days, to see everything. Based on other travellers' recommendations and my estimations of my own, rather low, levels of physical fitness I had decided to see one "high place" on each of my 3 days.

So on my first day I checked I had my ventolin inhaler and water with me, then set off up the stone steps to the High Place of Sacrifice. I stopped frequently to take photos of the majestic scenery (oh all right - really just to catch my breath) and again marvelled that I got to experience this climb in the still morning air alone...Well, almost alone. I soon came across a local Bedouin man on donkey who was herding his mountain goats up the steps. He seemed worried that he was holding me up and kept gesturing for me to go ahead - but as I stood, gasping for air, I waved him and his herd past me. I couldn't help thinking that his mountain goats were mocking me with their sure-footed athleticism and watched enviously as they bounded over boulders and stone steps with ease.

Further up the path I came across a Bedouin woman with a stall selling an assortment of jewelry. She told me the prices, as I took the opportunity to again catch my breath, and I think she took my hesitation to mean that I thought the prices were too high (when in actual fact my lack of fitness made speech at that point all but impossibe). By the time I was ready to move on again the prices were so reasonable that I bought myself a turquoise  necklace. You know that's what is missing with bush walking in Australia. I think I would be inclined to do more bush walking if I knew the paths were going to be dotted with jewelry and tea stalls along the way.

Anyway I eventually made it to the High Place of Sacrifice and was incredibly lucky to have come on such a sunny, still morning and to have the location all to myself for a good 20 minutes before the next tourists arrived. After enjoying the sunshine, writing in my journal and taking more photos I began my descent down a path on the other side of the mountain. I went past numerous other tombs on the way and though the local authorities had made some efforts to point you in the right direction, there was the occasional arrow painted on a rock, you frequently had to guess to surest path down the mountain or through a gorge. As I lost a path near the bottom and found myself all alone scampering over rocks as I made my way down a wadi (a dry river bed) I did feel a bit like Indianna Jones exploring new territories...that was until I came across numerous plastic water bottles and chocolate bar wrappers which I'm guessing were not left there by the Nabataeans 2000 years earlier!

The scene that met me once I returned to the street of facades was vastly different to the lovely morning stillness I had wandered through just a few hours earlier. Now Petra was filled with tour groups and many young Bedouin men persistantly offered me donkey rides with more and more insulting comments like "Are you still alive?" "It is too far for you to walk", "Let my donkey take you to the Monastery - he can carry your weight!". On the walk back out of Petra I frequently had to jump aside as snorting camels and colourful horse and carriages, ferrying older weary tourists back to the entrance, clattered past me. I then determined that I would start early for my second day at Petra as well.

My second day at Petra again began at 6:30am, but the wind made the walk through the Siq slightly less peaceful the second time around. My mission on day two was to climb up to another "high place" and hopefully find the secret path where you can look down on the Treasury from a cliff top above.

My legs were slightly less willing than my spirit given their exertions over 7 hours on the previous day - but still I set off determinedly up another set of stone steps to the top of the plateau above the Royal Tombs. I could see a french couple bounding athletically up ahead of me and after less than half an hour of climbing, or more accurately trudging, I reached the plateau. The wind regularly blowing sand into my face made it difficult to enjoy the stunning views of the Theatre and most of Petra below me for more than a few minutes and I was soon looking around for a local Bedouin to point me in the right direction to find the aerial view of the Treasury. There were mountain goats aplenty, but alas no locals and I soon found the french couple muttering in frustration as they too tried to ascertain which was the correct way.

It was at this point that my frequent experiences getting lost the day before came in handy. As the young Bedouin men take less able tourists on donkeys to all the major sites in Petra, it is usually a pretty safe bet when you've lost the path to look out for donkey droppings to show you the right way. I filled the french couple in on my master plan and we soon set off scampering across and down boulders all the while keeping our eyes peeled for the brown, smelly "signposts" along the way. After about 20 minutes we found the "secret path" and as the wind again picked up I shuffled quite nervously past the large sign that read, "STOP! CLIFFS!" to climb over more boulders until at last we could see the gorgeous Treasury glowing in the morning sun below us.

The view was astounding and the french couple insisted on taking some photos of me on my camera infront of this view of the Treasury. I was less keen - as to get in shot I had to perch on a ledge more than 100m above the tourists below, certain that the next strong gust of wind was going to cause me to plummet to my death. In the resulting photos you can just make out my look of sheer terror through the bird's nest of my hair which is being blown in front of my face. Tres attractive!

On day three at Petra I started around midday as I wanted to visit the Monastery and stay in Petra for the sunset. The walk up more than 800 stone steps to the Monastery was tiring but not nearly as bad as the donkey ride salesman down below in the Siq had made out. The Monastery was enormous and well worth the climb. I met a lovely American couple there who took a photo for me. Gerard and Toni were from San Francisco and quite excited when I told them my travel plans as they too are huge Harry Potter fans (could that be why I liked them so much?).

It was interesting that on a day when I had set out to see one of the most impressive locations in Petra, it was the people that I met and chatted with that became the real highlight. I met a local guide selling donkey rides who stopped attending school at the age of 10 and now speaks 7 languages. I chatted with a New Zealand nurse who in the late 1970's married a Bedouin and lived in a cave at Petra for more than 7 years. I bought and read her book which though fascinating bears the rather literal title, "Married to a Bedouin".

Most exciting for me though was a conversation with a group of Jordanian high school students. The girls approached me at the Monastery, keen to practise their English I think, and we ended up walking down the mountain together. The group was from Jerash (north Jordan) and I met their teacher who was also the mother of one of the girls I spoke to. It turns out that an excursion to Petra is very common for Jordanian school students and one that they thoroughly enjoy despite having to start the day before 6am. It makes the almost mandatory excursion for NSW students to Canberra seem a tad dull!

I shared a cup of mint tea with some local Bedouin as we watched the sun set on Petra. By the time I, and the few remaining tourists, walked out of the Siq the cliffs had turned to deep pink. We all kept stealing glances over our shoulders, trying to take one last mental picture to keep the sunset magic of Petra fresh in our minds.

Though I truly loved Petra, the sunny shores of Aqaba, where I arrived an hour ago, are be a bit of a relief with more ocean than red sand. Bring on the snorkeling!

Would you like salt with that?

I continued my exploration of downtown Amman by visiting the Roman Theatre on Sunday. The theatre was built in the 2nd century AD and was cut into the northern side of one of Amman's many hills. I had seen the theatre from the citadel, but did not really appreciate its immense size until I was standing on the stage looking up at the endless tiers of seating in front of me. To give you an idea of the size, the theatre can seat 6000 people and to say that the tiers of seating are steep is like saying that Gaddafi is not the nicest man in the world.

(By the way if you want a fun challenge check out the vlogbrothers video called "Sheen or Gaddafi?" in which you have to decide whether various insane ramblings were said by Charlie Sheen or Gaddafi - harder to pick than you'd think! http://www.youtube.com/user/vlogbrothers#p/u/4/WsiYvcn8oZw)

I saw that other people had scaled the tiers right up to the top so I elected to do the same. Going up the first 50 or so crumbling steps was not so bad. Then I made the mistake of looking down and though I continued on, determined to reach the top, I noticed that my legs had begun to stage their own protest by getting a bad case of the wobbles. I learnt from my mistake and did not look down again until I reached the top - all the while trying to block out the nagging thought that the trip back down was going to be terrifying.

Now contrary to Mum's beliefs, I don't think I have a fear of heights. I'm fine on aeroplanes, tall buildings and can hadle centrepoint tower with no problems. I think what I have is a healthy self preservation instinct, that is a fear of falling to my death from a great height.

Anyway, I got to the top and shakily turned around to face the stage and sat down.
I almost immediately very nearly brought up my breakfast.

I tried to enjoy the sweeping views of Amman - but it was like being perched on the very edge of a cliff. Thank god my camera has an anti-shake feature. I took a few shots of the scenery and quick one of myself (in which I have a smile so tense you would think that someone has a gun to my back!) to prove I climbed up there - before I begun the excruciating task of carefully side stepping back down to the bottom. Once I was on safe ground, I was pleased to see all the other tourists were side stepping down just as gingerly as I had - and a few also looked a bit green around the gills. In this part of the world I expect to come across quite a few more old Roman theatres - but I think in future I may be able to appreciate the awesome feats of engineering better from the stage :-)

On Monday I took public transport to go on a day trip to the lovely town of Madaba - about 45 min out of Amman. It was great to get out of Amman and enjoy the lovely scenery as we drove past grove after grove of olive trees. Madaba is renown for its amzing collection of mosaics dating back to 560 AD and has the added bonus of being small enough that you can walk to every site. I was initially consulting my map quite a bit until I realised that the easiest way to know how close you were to another site was to look at the concentration of souvenir shops on any given street.

The most famous site in Madaba is the mosaic map of Palestine currently housed in the Greek Orthodox church of St George, which was built over the remains of an earlier Byzantine church. The orginal map measured 16 x 6 metres and was made from 2 million stone tiles. They estimate it probably took 6 years to put together. The map is remarkably geographically accurate and you can still see Jerusalem, the Dead Sea, the River Jordan, Jericho, Hebron as well as The Nile Delta in Egypt. I spent about an hour looking at the map - but I should say about 45 minutes of that time was spent sitting back as another bus load of tourists bustled in and pushed to the front. I would dart foward for a quick look between each new busload. Those Japanese know how to run a tour don't they? Matching jackets, caps and head sets to hear the Japanese translation of what the local guide was saying in English -very impressive. My favourite part of the map was the fish swimming up the Jordan River away from the toxic salt levels in the Dead Sea.

Speaking of the Dead Sea, Tuesday saw me set off on a day trip tour to Mt Nebo, the Dead Sea and Bethany-beyond-the-jordan (the baptism site of Jesus). My companions for the day were our ever-smiling driver Hani, two Phillipino flight attendants and an older know it all American who used to work for an American oil company in the Middle East more than 25 years ago. Joanne and Nikki (the flight attendants) spent much of the car trip re-applying make up - which I found endlessly amusing - and Tom (the American) spent much of the trip delivering his pearls of wisdom relating to middle eastern politics in a most patronising tone. I usually interrupted his rants by leaning forward and asking Hani yet another question about the local area (why are there so many bridal dress shops in Madaba?) which he answered with endless patience.

I found my reaction to the biblical sites of Mt Nebo (place where God showed Moses the promised land before he died) and Bethany-beyond-the-jordan a bit strange. I thought, even as a lapsed catholic, I would find them a bit moving but I felt none of the historical significance whilst there. I found the sites more interesting for their geographic and political significance than for any religious connotations.

Mt Nebo was windy, crawling with more busloads of tourists but afforded excellent views of the region. The baptism site, now just a stagnant puddle as the river has changed its course over the last 2000 years, is located in a military zone as the jordan river forms the border between Jordan and Israel. The river, which used to be a mighty 60 metres across, is now a depressing 3-4m wide creek. I asked our guide what the cause of the drop in water level was and he smiled and said "we have lovely neighbours". He went on to explain that both Israel and Syria have built dams further upstream.

On reflection I think my reaction to these biblical sites has much to do with my reaction to the bible stories in which I first heard of them. As a child I suppose I viewed the bible stories as (apologies if I offend anyone) mythic tales. Jesus walking on water - to me occurred in a magical place - not a real location on the other side of the world. And naturally enough the brown waters of the River Jordan and the windy peak of Mt Nebo - though interesting - did not seem magical to me.

Anyway, for me the real highlight of the day was visiting the Dead Sea. As we drove down through the rocky desert landscape from Mt Nebo we would catch glimpses of the sparkling aqua blue water and I could feel my excitement building. It is a stunningly beautiful part of the world.

The only way to swim in the Dead Sea is pay to go to a "beach" which is more like a resort with swimming pools, good shower facilities and many refreshments on sale. We went to the cheapest beach, Amman Beach - though cheapest is a relative term as it still cost 15 JD to enter. The pools looked lovely but as soon as we got changed we all headed down the steps to the Dead Sea. My flight attendant companions were dressed in the tiniest of bikinis and I looked positively victorian covered as I was from neck to knee in my rash top and board shorts.

The beach is made up of brown dirt dotted with plastic chairs and the aqua water is dotted with buoyant tourists. The incredibly high salt levels mean that it is difficult not to float in the Dead Sea. Even you Dad, would float here! Though it allowed me to tick off one item on my "bucket list" - it seems as though god doesn't really want you to swim in the Dead Sea. To get beyond ankle deep water you have to clamber over small, sharp and very slippery rocks. This inevitably leads to small cuts and grazes if you're lucky, and a badly sprained ankle if you are not. I was lucky and soon knew I had acquired many small cuts and grazes as the salt was literally added to the wound!!

So with stinging ankles I floated on my stomach, on my back, and standing up in the Dead Sea. It was fun for a while but after a small wave meant that I got some water in my eyes and on my lips I realised that they really were not exaggerating about the salt levels. I soon headed back to shore and again marvelled that there is no way to leave the Dead Sea in a dignified manner. I joined other tourists around me gingerly crawling in low squats through the rocks back to the safety of the brown dirt and plastic chairs.

Joanne and Nikki wanted to pay another 3JD to have some Dead Sea mud smeared on their faces and bodies. I felt, as I watched tourist after tourist ascend the stairs to the showers looking like racially offensive cabaret performers from the deep south with their black faces, that the Jordanians may have been having a bit of fun with the tourists whilst making sizable profits.

My skin did not seem to like the cleansing properties of the salt water. By the time I got back to my plastic chair my face looked like I had invested in a chemical peel. I had gathered my belongings and was headed back across the dirt when my foot went through the sand and I found myself falling up to mid thigh in the dirt. As other concerned tourists asked if I was OK I found myself laughing hysterically. I scrambled in the dirt to find my lost thong and a lovely old lady asked with real worry in her voice "are you SURE you are ok?".

I think she was relieved when I smiled up at her, covered in an attractive mixture of salt and dirt and said, "I'm better than OK. How many other people here can say that they got a Dead Sea pedicure for free?"

Citadel & Cigarettes

The area of Amman that I am staying in is called downtown - and it is a particularly apt name for this neck of the woods as it is surrounded by steep hills. The advantage of this is that when wandering around my local area I don't really need to worry about getting lost. When I want to return to my hotel I just walk downhill to the lowest point in the area and I will have found my street. The downside is that to get to anywhere else you have to walk uphill and the farthest uphill you can go is the Citadel.

Located on the highest hill in Amman the Citadel has been occupied as either a settlement or a fortress for the last 7000 years. I doubt any people over those 7000 years have had cushier jobs than the tourist police who currently work there. When I visited there would have been about 20 tourists spread around the site and about the same number of local families picnicing. To monitor such a dangerous group, there were about 20 tourist police reclining, smoking and enjoying the sunlit views.

What is left on the site now are the impressive columns of the Roman Temple of Hercules (161 - 166AD), the Byzantine Church (6th century AD) and the Umayyad Complex (730AD). One of the things I liked most about visiting the Citadel are the magnificent 360 degree views of Amman that it affords. They have helpfully put labelled photo maps at various viewing points so that you can spot all the major buildings/sites in Amman. This allowed me to see how close my hotel was to various other sites which I walked to over the next few days. The spectacular views make the Citadel a popular picnic spot for the locals of Amman and I was happy to practise a couple of my wobbly arabic phrases on them.

The highlight of the trip to the Citadel was the National Archaeological Museum: a small, low key building about the size of my flat that was filled with dusty glass and wooden cabinets. The Museum houses an extraordinary array of artifacts from all over Jordan, many of which are over 3000 years old. One of my favourites was a section of fresco wall that was unearthed by a team from the University of Sydney in the 1970's. I was looking at one rough statue that appeared to be shoulders and a neck and wondering why they had bothered to include it in the museum when I read the description next to it. It was an 8500 year old statue from Ain Ghazal thought to be the oldest example of sculpture in the world!

The National Museum is typical of Jordan's low-key approach to sites of major historical significance. A few days ago I did a day trip out into the Eastern Desert to view the sites reffered to as the "desert palaces". I found the stark beauty of the Eastern Desert mesmerising despite the insessent ramblings of an older Australian gentleman on our tour who was obviously uncomfortable with more than 3 seconds of continuous silence.

One of the sites we came to did not look like much from the road. As we approached I noticed it bore an uncanny resemblence to Luke Skywalker's home with Uncle Owen on the desert planet of Tantooine in Star Wars. Anyway inside the walls and ceiling were covered in the most amazing frescos dating back to the 8th century. To me half the fun of these sites is trying to guess the symbollic meaning of the art before having the truth revealed by a local guide. I accurately picked the map of the zodiac on the domed ceiling but was pretty far off the mark with the scene of hunting animals at night by torchlight - I thought it depicted an athletics carnival for children - (ok I probably should have noticed that even in the 8th century children wouldn't have had 4 legs - but in my defence it was pretty hard to make out some of the figures).

The travellers that I've met at the hotel and around Amman so far have been older than the usual backpacker crowd you find in South East Asia. I've met a few French, a few American one Swiss and a few Australian travellers so far. I was particularly lucky to meet a lovely Australian nurse, Gillian, in our hotel lounge a few days ago. Gillian's itinerary makes mine look very timid as she has just spent 4 months travelling through Libya, Egypt, Omman, Yemen & Jordan. I did point out to her that she has been a bit of a bad omen for stability in each of the countries she has visited so far - so I'm glad I won't be too far behind her as she heads to Syria, Lebanon, Turkey and Israel. I'm hopeful we may be able to meet up again in Turkey in May - fingers crossed! Apart from being excellent company, Gillian was also an excellent source of information on Petra, where to find the cheap local fruit market, where to find strawberry yoghurt and where I should go to buy a second pair of pants. This is how I found myself heading out to a place called the Mecca Mall yesterday.

The Mecca Mall is located in a far more affluent part of Amman than Downtown and at first glance is pretty similar to any big shopping centre you find in Australia. The guards and metal detector at the entrance are a bit of a reminder that you're still in Jordan but apart from that it was filled with an assortment of stores including Starbucks, The Body Shop, KFC, United Colours of Beneton, Pizza Hut and Esprit. It was of course mainly made up of local chain stores and food outlets - my favourite of which was called "Tender Loving Chicken".

My mission was to buy a pair of loose fitting, (hopefully cheap) cotton pants. Two hours in and my quest was looking more and more futile as store after store was filled with tiny pairs of tight fitting jeans and trousers. I had seen many women of  a more fuller figure downtown and so had not really anticipated having much difficulty in my search. But looking at the women around me I noticed that most women shopping at the Mecca Mall favoued jeans of the spray-on variety, often teamed with a lovely pair of knee high leather boots over the top... Hardly backpacking staples. I finally found what I was looking for in what I think is the Jordanian equivalent of Target: baggy cotton pants that had plenty of room for both my backside and my money belt. Just as I was rejoycing in my find I happened to glance up at the sign hanging over the section of the store I was in...Knowing the only clothes that you can fit into in a country come from the maternity section really does wonders for your self esteem! Still a bargain at 12 JD :-)

The Mecca Mall really highlighted for me the greatest danger faced by anyone visiting the Middle East - and it is not terrorism. It is the incredibly high liklihood that you will develop lung cancer during your stay.

Islam dictates that its followers do not engage in drinking or gambling and so far I think the men of Jordan are compensating for that by going to town on the cigarettes. I estimate that through passive smoking alone I'm currently on a pack a day and the Mecca Mall - with no outside air flow coming through - was particularly challenging for me. No space is too small, too enclosed to prevent a local from lighting up in it. I have frequently had to leave the very comfortable communal lounge in our hotel because it was no longer possible to see the BBC news update on the TV through the smoky haze. And rather than open a window (or heaven forbid ask people to smoke outside) the way the locals manage the ever present smell of smoke is to spray can after can of sickly sweet floral air freshner around the room. The only place you couldn't smoke in the Mecca Mall were the pristine toilets. Of course you wouldn't want your bowel movements impeded by too much smoke - but apparently oxygen is not required while eating as the food hall had its own layer of smog!

Welcome to Jordan!

Well my journey got off to an auspicious start when, in the mad rush to put my last few belongings into storage, I managed to leave my travel journal and assortment of colourful luggage tags at Dora's place.

I think I also managed to really impress Dora as a confident, experienced, worldly backpacker when I put on my pack, reached down to pick something up and promptly toppled over before I even got out the door. Imagine a turtle that has been flipped onto its back with its little legs flailing about and you'll have a pretty accurate mental picture of the situation.

To be honest I was so exhausted from the farewells, canceling internet/mobile/bank accounts and triple checking my 3 different "to do" lists that I arrived at Sydney airport tired, emotional and carrying enough first aid gear to open my own field hospital. I don't know which part of my packing was more irrational...The assumption that 100 band aids would not be enough or the assumption that they wouldn't have band aids in the middle east.

My 26 hours in transit bore a strange resemblance to the lifestyle of my new baby niece Metta. Wrapped up snug and warm in a small space (incidentally the economy seats got progressively narrower and closer to the chair in front with each of my three flights) I would sleep, wake, be fed, go to the toilet, and then go back to sleep again. I tried to stay awake for most of the first 8 hour flight in a vain attempt to get in sync with my new timezone - but all that resulted in was me falling into a coma at Kuala Lumpur airport during a three hour stop over and nearly missing my flight to Dubai.

By the time I boarded my flight to Amman I was close to delirious and  my plan was to take a long hot shower, crash out and sleep for 3 days upon my arrival at the hotel. But then something wonderful happened as we started our descent into Amman... I looked out the window and saw desert and villages stretching out below me. And it finally hit me. I am here, in the middle east, at last. It looked so sunny, sandy, exotic and just thoroughly different from any other place I've been in the world that I immediately wanted to set out and explore it. I was so excited that I didn't even mind that my pre-arranged airport pick up had not materialised and that all of the ATMs at the airport had run out of cash.

I dumped my pack in my room at the hotel, threw on a head scarf and headed out to explore my new neighbourhood. From my hotel room the sounds of call to prayer battled for supremacy with the jack hammers from nearby roadworks and the incessant honking of car horns. It was only 10 degrees when I arrived in Amman but by late morning the sun had a definite bite to it and it felt like high twenties as I wandered up steep winding streets to the citadel on the highest hill in the city.

I was definitely noticed as I wandered but the attention was so warm and friendly that I didn't mind. I might have been followed by mutilple calls of "Hullo! Hullo!" and the ever present "Welcome to Jordan!" but I didn't feel hassled and people were keen for me to look at their wares without any pressure to buy. I finished off my first day with a meal at a local street stall. It got a rave review in the LP, but more impressively it was packed with locals when I arrived. I then proceeded to enjoy the most scrumptious meal of tomato, mint, flat bread, hummus, felafel and sweet tea I have ever had all for the princely sum of 1.5 JD. A perfect end to my first day in Jordan.

I should say that while writing this blog entry I've experienced my first black out of this trip  (1 and a half hours which I spent trading tales with an American student who had just lost her half written email on the computer next to mine) - its almost like the universe thought I was getting too carried away and just wanted to remind me that I'm backpacking :-)